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angklung
Indonesia, Malaysia, The Philippines a set of suspended bamboo tubes mounted in a frame and shaken to produce pitched tones, used to play interlocking melodic and rhythmic patterns in large ensemble performances.
ankle rattle
Worldwide, United States (Native American), Mexico a percussion instrument worn around the ankle that produces rhythmic jingling sounds, typically used to accompany dance and ceremonial performances.
binzasara
Japan a set of wooden slats connected by cords and handles that are moved in a wave-like motion to produce a clattering sound, used primarily in folk music, Shinto ritual dances, and kabuki theater.
bolang gu
China, Taiwan, Hong Kong a small double-headed pellet drum with two beads attached by strings that strike the drumheads when the handle is rotated used as traditional children's toy, by street vendors to signal their presence, and in ritualistic folk ceremonies
cabasa
Cuba, Brazil, worldwide a percussion instrument with loops of steel ball chains wrapped around a wide, textured metal cylinder that is attached to a wooden or plastic handle, producing a sharp, metallic "scraping" or "shimmering" sound when the cylinder is rotated against the palm or shaken, used in Latin jazz, bossa nova, pop music, and music therapy.
caxixi
Brazil, Cuba, Angola, Mozambique, Ghana, Nigeria, Benin a small woven flat-bottomed basket shaker filled with seeds or beads, used in capoeira, samba, and contemporary world music.
coconut rattles
Philippines, Indonesia, Brazil, Caribbean region, Oceania shaken percussion instruments made from dried coconut shells filled with seeds or beads, used in folk, ceremonial, and dance music.
damaru
India, Nepal, Tibet, Bhutan a small two-headed drum with two knotted cords that strike the heads when the instrument is twisted, used in religious rituals, meditative practices, and as a symbolic attribute in sacred iconography.
ghunghroo
India, Pakistan, Bangladesh a set of small metallic bells strung together on a cord or velvet pad that is worn around the ankles of dancers to provide audible footwork during classical and folk dance performances.
glockenkranz
Germany, Austria, Switzerland a set of small, handheld tuned bells mounted in a circular frame and played by striking or shaking, used in folk, ceremonial, and choral music.
hosho
Zimbabwe, Mozambique, South Africa a pair of hollowed-out gourd filled with small seeds or pebble, used in complex polyphonic thumb-piano music, Shona music, and communal healing ceremonies.
kHartals
India, Pakistan, Bangladesh a pair of handheld wooden clappers or metal cymbals , used by wandering minstrels and saints in the Bhakti and Sufi traditions in street performances, leading communal chanting and spiritual celebrations.
kashaka
Ghana, Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso two small, hollow gourds filled with seeds or pebbles and connected by a short string, where one gourd is held in the palm while the other is swung around the hand on its string, used in polyrhythmic folk performances and contemporary world music.
kayamba
Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi. Mauritius a flat, rectangular shaker made from reed or bamboo tubes filled with seeds that produces a sharp, rhythmic "ocean-wave" sound when tilted or shaken, used in traditional folk songs, spiritual healing ceremonies, and dance ceremonies.
maracas
Venezuela, Colombia, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands a pair of shaken percussion instruments made of hollowed-out shells filled with small pebbles or seeds, used in Latin jazz, salsa, Joropo, various other Latin/Caribbean folk genres, orchestral, and pop music genres.
mazhar
Egypt a large, heavy, and deep-toned frame drum with several sets of oversized brass jingles embedded in the frame, used primarily in Egyptian Zaffa (wedding march), and Sufi religious ceremonies.
morris bells
United Kingdom, Australia, Canada small, tuned metal bells attached to leather pads or garters that are worn around a dancer’s shins, used to accentuates footwork in traditional seasonal folk dancing.
ocean drum
United States, Worldwide a circular frame drum containing small metal beads or seeds that create a washing, wave-like sound when tilted or shaken, used in ambient soundscapes, meditation, and therapeutic relaxation.
paiban
China, Taiwan a wooden clapper with several flat slats tied together at one end that makes a cracking sound, used in Chinese opera, story-singing, and chamber orchestras.
quijada
Peru, Mexico, Cuba, Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Dominican Republic, Belize, Bermuda a percussion instrument made from a dried donkey, horse, or cow jawbone with loose teeth that rattle when struck, used in Afro-Latin and folk music like Festejo and Son Jarocho.
rain stick
Chile, Peru, Mexico, Worldwide a long, hollow tube filled with small pebbles or seeds and fitted with internal pins or thorns that produce a gentle, rushing sound mimicking falling water when tilted, used in Andean folk music, world fusion music, relaxation, sound effects, and ancient agricultural ceremonies.
shekere
Nigeria, Ghana, Cuba, Brazil, Senegal, Mali a percussion instrument made from a dried, hollowed-out gourd covered in a woven net of beads, shells, or seeds functioning as both a shaker and a drum, used in traditional, Afrobeat, and ceremonial music.
sistrum
Egypt (Ancient Egypt), Greece (Ancient Greece), Ethiopia, Sudan a U-shaped metal rattle with movable crossbars and jingling discs that, used in religious ceremonies and temple rituals.
sleigh bells
United States, United Kingdom a percussion instrument with multiple small metal pellet bells attached to a handle or leather strap, used in classical music and holiday-themed popular music.
sonajas
Mexico a rattle or shaker with a wooden stick and rattling metal discs (like tambourine jingles) attached, used in Mexican folk music (mariachi and son jarocho) and traditional dance performances.
turtle shell rattle
United States, Mexico a percussion instrument made from a dried turtle or tortoise shell containing pebbles, corn, or beans, used in accompaniment for dances and ceremonies.
ʻulīʻulī
Hawaii a rattle made from a dried gourd or la'amia fruit filled with seeds or small pebbles, attached to a handle topped with a circular cloth disk fringed with colorful feathers, used in hula dances and traditional Hawaiian chanting.